发布 Spring Boot 项目的时候,每次改动一点东西,就需要将整个项目重新打包部署,并且打包出来的jar包太庞大,每次更新项目的时候,需要上传的文件很大,十分不便,故把依赖lib里面的jar包从项目分离出来,每次部署只需要发布代码即可。
spring-boot-maven-plugin
这个插件会将项目所有的依赖打入 BOOT-INF/lib
下
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<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
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maven-dependency-plugin + maven-resources-plugin
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<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-dependencies</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>target/lib</outputDirectory>
<excludeTransitive>false</excludeTransitive>
<stripVersion>false</stripVersion>
<includeScope>runtime</includeScope>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<layout>ZIP</layout>
<includes>
<include>
<groupId>cn.jstars</groupId>
<artifactId>datatocloud</artifactId>
</include>
</includes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<skip>true</skip>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<resources>
<resource>
<filtering>true</filtering>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<excludes>
<exclude>static/**</exclude>
<exclude>templates/**</exclude>
<exclude>*.yml</exclude>
<exclude>*.properties</exclude>
<exclude>*.xml</exclude>
<exclude>*.txt</exclude>
</excludes>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
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Spring-Boot-Layers-Index: BOOT-INF/layers.idx
Start-Class: com.ztx.kol.api.ApiApplication
Spring-Boot-Classes: BOOT-INF/classes/
Spring-Boot-Lib: BOOT-INF/lib/
Spring-Boot-Version: 2.6.4
Created-By: Apache Maven 3.6.3
Build-Jdk: 1.8.0_131
Main-Class: org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher
Spring-boot的配置信息,其中最主要的是Main-Class是org.springframework.boot.loader.PropertiesLauncher,而非SpringBoot的Appliction启动类。启动类放在了Start-Class。
maven-assembly-plugin
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<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<layout>ZIP</layout>
<includes>
<include>
<groupId>com.ynthm</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
</include>
</includes>
</configuration>
</plugin><!-- 使用assembly打包 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<descriptors>
<!-- assembly配置文件位置 -->
<descriptor>src/main/assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>
</descriptors>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<!-- 打包发布时,跳过单元测试 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<skipTests>true</skipTests>
</configuration>
</plugin>
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在 src/main目录建立assembly目录,添加assembly.xml
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<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.2.xsd">
<!--
必须写,否则打包时会有 assembly ID must be present and non-empty 错误
这个名字最终会追加到打包的名字的末尾,如项目的名字为 speed-api-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT,
则最终生成的包名为 speed-api-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-bin.zip
-->
<id>bin</id>
<!-- 打包后的文件格式,可以是zip,tar,tar.gz,tar.bz2,jar,war,dir -->
<formats>
<format>zip</format>
</formats>
<!-- 压缩包下是否生成和项目名相同的根目录 -->
<includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
<dependencySets>
<dependencySet>
<!-- 不使用项目的artifact,第三方jar不要解压,打包进zip文件的lib目录 -->
<useProjectArtifact>false</useProjectArtifact>
<outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>
<unpack>false</unpack>
<!-- 将scope为runtime的依赖包打包到lib目录下。 -->
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependencySet>
</dependencySets>
<fileSets>
<!-- 把项目相关的说明文件,打包进zip文件的根目录 -->
<fileSet>
<directory>${project.basedir}</directory>
<outputDirectory></outputDirectory>
<includes>
<include>README*</include>
<include>LICENSE*</include>
<include>NOTICE*</include>
</includes>
</fileSet>
<!-- 把项目的配置文件,打包进zip文件的config目录 -->
<fileSet>
<directory>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
<outputDirectory>config</outputDirectory>
<excludes>
<exclude>test</exclude>
<exclude>test/*</exclude>
<exclude>*.properties</exclude>
</excludes>
</fileSet>
<!-- 把项目的脚本文件,打包进zip文件的bin目录 -->
<fileSet>
<directory>${project.basedir}/src/main/bin</directory>
<outputDirectory></outputDirectory>
</fileSet>
<!-- 把项目自己编译出来的jar文件,打包进zip文件的根目录 -->
<fileSet>
<directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
<outputDirectory></outputDirectory>
<includes>
<include>*.jar</include>
</includes>
</fileSet>
</fileSets>
</assembly>
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java -Dloader.path=lib/ -jar MyTest.jar
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maven-jar-plugin
使用maven-jar-plugin 打包成可执行jar包。
结果:这个方式的确可以生成 lib、bin、config、xx.jar 等目录结构,jar包也可以执行。
但是目录结构比较散乱,散放在target目录中,最终还需要手动拷贝lib和jar包。将所有打包后的结果单独存在一个zip包中。
maven-assembly-plugin 分离 lib
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<plugins>
<!-- 指定启动类,将依赖打成外部jar包 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<!-- 生成的jar中,不要包含pom.xml和pom.properties这两个文件 -->
<addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>
<manifest>
<!-- 是否要把第三方jar放到manifest的classpath中 -->
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<!-- 外部依赖jar包的最终位置 -->
<classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
<!-- 项目启动类 -->
<mainClass>${main.class}</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- 使用assembly打包 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<descriptors>
<!-- assembly配置文件位置 -->
<descriptor>src/main/assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>
</descriptors>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
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半自动化部署 maven-jar-plugin
1.替换为插件 maven-jar-plugin
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<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.1</version>
<configuration>
<archive>
<!-- 生成的jar中不要包含pom.xml和pom.properties这两个文件 -->
<addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
<!--这里需要修改为你的项目的主启动类-->
<mainClass>com.ynthm.business.App</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
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- addClasspath:表示需要加入到类构建路径
- classpathPrefix:指定生成的Manifest文件中Class-Path依赖lib前面都加上该前缀路径,构建出lib/xx.jar
- mainClass:表示项目的启动类。
2.拷贝依赖的jar外面的lib目录
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<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-lib</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>target/lib</outputDirectory>
<excludeTransitive>false</excludeTransitive>
<stripVersion>false</stripVersion>
<includeScope>runtime</includeScope>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
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3.在和jar包同级的目录下新建一个config目录,放入application.yml文件
这里可能有小伙伴有疑问了,打包的jar里面不是应该有application.yml文件吗,这里为什么再放一份? 这是因为springboot读取配置有一个优先级,放在jar包外面config目录优先级最高,主要是便于从外部修改配置,而不是改jar包中的application.yml文件。优先级如下:
- 当前目录的config目录下
- 当前目录
- classpath的config目录下
- classpath的根目录
4 启动项目 加入 –debug
可以让你可以看到比较详细的启动日志: java -jar xxx-1.0.0.jar --debug
全自动化部署 maven-jar-plugin
前面介绍的步骤中,需要手动的拷贝application.yml文件,并且jar包内外都存在配置。这里引入一种自动化配置,将所有东西打成zip文件,直接发布到服务目录,解压后,即可启动。
1.替换为maven-jar-plugin插件
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<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.1</version>
<configuration>
<archive>
<!-- 生成的jar中不要包含pom.xml和pom.properties这两个文件 -->
<addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
<!--这里需要修改为你的项目的主启动类-->
<mainClass>com.ynthm.business.App</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
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- addClasspath:表示需要加入到类构建路径
- classpathPrefix:指定生成的Manifest文件中Class-Path依赖lib前面都加上该前缀路径,构建出lib/xx.jar
- mainClass:表示项目的启动类。
2.拷贝依赖的 jar 外面的 lib 目录
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<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-lib</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>target/lib</outputDirectory>
<excludeTransitive>false</excludeTransitive>
<stripVersion>false</stripVersion>
<includeScope>runtime</includeScope>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
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3.排除 resources 下面的 yml
因为需要把它放在 jar 外部,不能让 jar 打包插件将其打入 jar 包 classpath
下去
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<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<!-- 打包后的包名是否包含assembly的id名 -->
<appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>
<!-- 指定最后tar或者zip包的名字 -->
<finalName>djys-business</finalName>
<!-- tar或者zip包的输出目录 -->
<outputDirectory>target/</outputDirectory>
<descriptors>
<!-- 引用的assembly配置文件-->
<descriptor>src/main/resources/assembly.xml</descriptor>
</descriptors>
</configuration>
<executions>
<!-- phase加入package后,则在执行maven package时就可以调用maven-assembly-plugin插件定义的打包方式 -->
<execution>
<!--名字任意 -->
<id>make-assembly</id>
<!-- 绑定到package生命周期阶段上 -->
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<!-- 只运行一次 -->
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
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assembly.xml 配置,该文件放在 resources 目录下面即可。
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<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-2.0.0.xsd">
<id>package</id>
<formats>
<format>zip</format>
</formats>
<includeBaseDirectory>true</includeBaseDirectory>
<fileSets>
<!--拷贝application.yml文件到jar包的外部config目录下面-->
<fileSet>
<directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>*.yml</include>
</includes>
<filtered>true</filtered>
<outputDirectory>${file.separator}config</outputDirectory>
</fileSet>
<!--拷贝lib包到jar包的外部lib下面-->
<fileSet>
<directory>${project.build.directory}/lib</directory>
<outputDirectory>${file.separator}lib</outputDirectory>
<!-- 打包需要包含的文件 -->
<includes>
<include>*.jar</include>
</includes>
</fileSet>
<!--如有需要,可以配置多个需要拷贝的文件即可-->
<fileSet>
<directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
<outputDirectory>${file.separator}</outputDirectory>
<includes>
<include>*.jar</include>
</includes>
</fileSet>
</fileSets>
</assembly>
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4.解压zip,启动