集成测试又称组装测试，即对程序模块采用一次性或增值方式组装起来，对系统的接口进行正确性检验的测试工作。整合测试一般在单元测试之后、系统测试之前进行。实践表明，有时模块虽然可以单独工作，但是并不能保证组装起来也可以同时工作。
src/integration-test/javasrc/integration-test/resouces/application-test.yml
基于 mavaen profiles
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<!--定义关于区分集成测试及单元测试代码的profiles-->
<profiles>
<!-- The Configuration of the development profile -->
<profile>
<id>dev</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<properties>
<build.profile.id>dev</build.profile.id>
<!--Only unit tests are run when the development profile is active-->
<skip.integration.tests>true</skip.integration.tests>
<skip.unit.tests>false</skip.unit.tests>
</properties>
</profile>
<!-- The Configuration of the integration-test profile -->
<profile>
<id>integration-test</id>
<properties>
<build.profile.id>integration-test</build.profile.id>
<!--Only integration tests are run when the integration-test profile is active-->
<skip.integration.tests>false</skip.integration.tests>
<skip.unit.tests>true</skip.unit.tests>
</properties>
</profile>
</profiles>
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<build>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
<!--步骤1:单元测试代码、集成测试代码分离-->
<filters>
<filter>profiles/${build.profile.id}/config.properties</filter>
</filters>
<resources>
<resource>
<filtering>false</filtering>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
<include>**/*.tld</include>
<include>**/*.yml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
<!--步骤2:通过Profile区分Maven集成测试代码、单元测试代码目录-->
<resource>
<filtering>true</filtering>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
<include>**/*.tld</include>
<include>**/*.yml</include>
<include>**/*.sh</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<!-- 步骤三：将源目录和资源目录添加到构建中 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<executions>
<!-- Add a new source directory to our build -->
<execution>
<id>add-integration-test-sources</id>
<phase>generate-test-sources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>add-test-source</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<!-- Configures the source directory of our integration tests -->
<sources>
<source>src/integration-test/java</source>
</sources>
</configuration>
</execution>
<!-- Add a new resource directory to our build -->
<execution>
<id>add-integration-test-resources</id>
<phase>generate-test-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>add-test-resource</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<!-- Configures the resource directory of our integration tests -->
<resources>
<resource>
<filtering>true</filtering>
<directory>src/integration-test/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<!--步骤四：Runs unit tests -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.18</version>
<configuration>
<!-- Skips unit tests if the value of skip.unit.tests property is true -->
<skipTests>${skip.unit.tests}</skipTests>
<!-- Excludes integration tests when unit tests are run -->
<excludes>
<exclude>**/IT*.java</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!--步骤五：Runs integration tests -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.18</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>integration-tests</id>
<goals>
<goal>integration-test</goal>
<goal>verify</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<skipTests>${skip.integration.tests}</skipTests>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
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@SpringBootTest 中并没有指定具体的类，它的默认执行范围为整个应用的上下文环境。
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@SpringBootTest
@ActiveProfiles("test")
public class ITTestControllerTest {
@Autowired
TestController testController;
@Test
public void saveTest() {
testController.saveTest("Hello World");
}
}
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# 运行单元测试
mvn test
# 运行集成测试
mvn clean verify -P integration-test
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